“Assisting the spread of disinformation: AI can be used to create and disseminate targeted propaganda, and that problem is compounded by AI-powered social media algorithms driven by “engagement,” which promote content most likely to be clicked on. Machine learning powers the data analysis social media companies use to create profiles of users for targeted advertising. In addition, bots disguised as real users further spread content outside of narrowly targeted social media circles by both sharing links to false sources and actively interacting with users as chatbots using natural language processing.45 In addition, the specter of “deep fakes,” AI systems capable of creating realistic-sounding video and audio recordings of real people, is causing many to believe the technology will be used in the future to create forged videos of world leaders for malicious ends. Although it appears that deep fakes have yet to be used as part of real propaganda or disinformation campaigns, and the forged audio and video is still not good enough to seem completely human, the AI behind deep fakes continues to advance, and there is potential for sowing chaos, instigating conflict, and further causing a crisis of truth that should not be discounted.46” ([Access Now, 2018, p. 16](zotero://select/groups/4907410/items/KIU6F9PR)) ([pdf](zotero://open-pdf/groups/4907410/items/598C5P37?page=16&annotation=9DGUCL8R))