AI has potential to have impact beyond just on the participants involved into society, and it may not be clear what these impacts will be.Immediate or proximal impacts are those experienced in the immediate context, for example in interactions of researcher- participant we use participant to refer to those choosing to participate in research, those where consent-waivers may be in place or where some stakeholders may fulfil participant-researcher roles (e.g., teachers), and those 'data subjects' whose data is used in research often without their knowledge. groups. Indirect, long-range, and dual-use impacts relate to the potential for:- secondary impacts that are not a direct use of a tool but may relate to system changes that occur as a result;- that these impacts may occur over a longer period than the immediate context of research, which is ordinarily the context for which ethics approval is provided- and that some effects may arise from unintended uses of dual-use technologies, for example facial recognition developed for one purpose may be used for surveillance or military purposes.*"Issue: *A/IS are often viewed only as having impact in market contexts, yet these technologies also have an impact on social relations and culture.A/IS are expected to have an impact beyond market domains and business models, diffusing throughout the global society. For instance,A/IS have and will impact social relationshipsin a way similar to how mobile phones changed our daily lives, reflecting directly on our culture, customs, and language. The extent and direction of this impact is not yet clear, but documented experience in HIC and high internet-penetration environments of trolls, “fake news,” and cyberbullying on social media offer a cautionary tale.11 Depression, social isolation, aggression, and the dissemination of violent behavior with damage to human relations, so extreme that, in some cases, it has resulted in suicide, are all correlated with the internet.12 As an example, the technology for “smart homes” has been used for inflicting domestic violence by remotely locking doors, turning off heat/AC, and otherwise harassing a partner. This problem could be easily extended to include elder and child abuse.13 Measures need to be developed to prevent A/IS from contributing to the emergence or amplification of social disorders." (IEEE, 2019, p.141-142)